INTRODUCTION
The present text shows the National System of Protected Areas of Ecuador (NSPA) that indicates how many national parks, ecological reserves and marine reserves exist in the country.
Moreover a description detailed of the principals Protected Areas of Ecuador like their extensions, foundations and principals tourist attractives that exist in every one.
OBJECTIVE GENERAL
To describe the principals protected areas of Ecuador, through an investigation of NSPA of the country, to reinforce my knowledge that helps in my profession.
OBJECTIVES SPECIFICS
To investigate the national parks of Ecuador, through tourist books, to argue the theory.
To analyze the tourist attractives that exists in those areas, through an investigation virtual "Internet", to motive the tourism of Ecuador.
To determinate the ecological reserves of Ecuador, through of the Ministry of Environment, to found the theory.
THEORY
1. THE NATIONAL SYSTEM OF PROTECTED AREAS OF ECUADOR "NSPA"
In 1936 is declared Galapagos the first protected area of Ecuador. Galapagos is the most beautiful island where be can find the most varied flore and fauna of the world.
In 1966 is declared Pululahua the first protected area of Ecuador in the mountain.
In 1976 was created the national system of protected areas of Ecuador with nine principal areas, the NSPA are cared by organization not governmental and the presidency.
Actuality the NSPA of Ecuador is formed by 41 protected areas, the same that are indicate to continuation but nine that are the most important or representative in this country.
1.1 THE PRINCIPALS PROTECTED AREAS OF ECUADOR
1.1.1. THE CAJAS NATIONAL PARK
Location: Province of Azuay
Area: 28 808 ha
Time of Creation: July 26th of 1979
Administration: INEFAN (National Parks of Ecuador)
Borders:
North: Diabloscocha, Estrellacocha and Paicacocha Lakes, Cajuco Mountain
West: Tigranaloma, Arquitecto and Encantada Beach
South: Yanahurco Mountain and Angas River
East: Taquiurco, Patoquinuas, Corazon de Maria Ravine
Altitudes: 3000m to 4500m
Precipitations: 1000mm – 1800mm
Temperatures: 3-18°C
The Cajas is easily visited as the main highway from Cuenca to Guayaquil crosses the park and reaches its highest point at 4000m before dropping down to the coast.
This high altitude region of 3000m to 4500m boasts of over 250 small lakes and ponds being therefore an important water source. Those lakes are also ideal for raising trout and sport fishing is allowed in them.
Toreadora is one of the largest lakes and situated at the main entrance to the park but many more can be admired form high above.
One of the most interesting high mountain plants to be seen is the puya bromeliads. Their hairy flower spike can grow up to 3m and support many colorful flowers, sitting in the protected wool.
Although that high up the moor supports still many tiny but beautiful flowers, often growing low on the ground or in more protected areas on lower shrubs.
Gentian is a family of flowering plants found in all the major mountain ranges of the world. Those tiny beautiful gentians are classified as Genciana semisolid and always grow together in bunch.
Polylepis trees, also known as "Arbol de Papel" or paper tree because of their papery bark is one of the highest altitude growing trees in the world. In Ecuador you can still find them over 4000m but in Bolivia they might range up to 5000m.
Many birds still inhabit the paramo region like the Blue-mantled Thornbill, a hummingbird, Paramo Ground-Tyrant and the Giant Conebill.
The Cajas is an older area of the Andes without any active volcanoes. The peaks are already more eroded and thus lower. The region is great for hiking and trekking with the drier season in August and September.
1.1.2. COTOPAXI NATIONAL PARK
Location: Pichincha, Cotopaxi and Napo Provinces
Area: 33 393 ha
Time of Creation: August 11th of 1975
Administration: INEFAN (National Parks of Ecuador)
Borders:
North: Range of Zunfana
West: Zunfungana
South: 00°44'02'' and 78°21'30''
East: Sigsijarcana
Altitudes: 3400m to 5897m
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