Limits and potential for waste management to energy generation in the caribbean (página 2)

It should be noted that Waste-to-Energy systems represent a part of an integrated waste management strategy and are not in all cases the most sustainable solution.

References

Barbados Solid Waste Management Program. Retrieved: June 15, 2008 from http://www.solid.gov.bb/

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the Caribbean – An Economic framework. Environmental Department paper no. 80. Retrieved June 7, 2008, from: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/09/28/000094946_01091904003762/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf

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http://indexmundi.com/energy.aspx?country=kn&product=hydro&graph=production

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Autor:

De Cuba, K.,

Burgos, F.,

Contreras-Lisperguer, R.

Penny, R.

Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Division

Department for Sustainable Development (DSD)

General Secretariat of the Organization of American States (OAS)

[1] MSW is in general waste that is produced by the household, but can also include commercial and industrial waste that is similar in nature to household waste.

[2] Definition created by the authors as a way to change the classic point of view currently used to define waste.

[3] Definition extracted and adapted from: Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things by William McDonough (Author), Michael Braungart (Author). North Point Press, First Edition 2002.

[4] See Annex A for a complete overview of the sources for this table.

[5] *Measured in Millions of kWh †Grand Bahama Island only ^Antigua Island only

[6] Include a general statement about the sources for statistics, such as (local Utility/electricity Companies) also include Year.

[7] Source: CARICOM presentation about “Intra-Caribbean air transportation, the CSME bridge”, 2005, see: www.caricom.org/jsp/single_market/caribbean_connect/intra_carib_air_transportation_holder.ppt

[8] The Caribbean Regional Preparatory Meeting to Review the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (BPOA) was held in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago during October 6–10, 2003 see: http://www.un.org/special-rep/ohrlls/sid/Final_Report_of_the_Caribbean_Regional_Meeting_on_SIDS.pdf

[9] The organic fraction is considered the sum of the categories organics and paper.

[10] The original International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Convention was signed on 17 February 1973, but did not come into force. The current Convention is a combination of 1973 Convention and the 1978 Protocol. It entered into force on 2 October 1983. As at 31 December 2005, 136 countries, representing 98% of the world's shipping tonnage, were parties to the Convention. ‘AN’ is the number of Annexes accepted by the State.

[11] The LBS Protocol is the Protocol concerning the Pollution from Land-Based Sources and Activities (adopted in Aruba, 1999) as part of the Cartagena Convention (1983), which is the only wider Caribbean binding regional environmental treaty which most Caribbean OAS Member States, with exception of the Bahamas, Guyana, Haiti, St. Kitts and Nevis and Suriname have ratified.

[12] The Basel Convention is the Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal. The CP means Contracting Party and S means Signature.